Alterações bioquímicas e fisiológicas relacionadas a matocompetição
Palavras-chave:
planta daninha, competição, estresse oxidativo, redução de produtividadeResumo
A competição entre plantas daninhas e cultivadas ou matocompetição, é a forma de estresse biótico que causa maior redução de produtividade dos cultivos agrícolas mundiais. Ela se desenvolve através de um estresse misto, que provoca alterações morfológicas, fisiológicas e no metabolismo secundário das plantas, que causam um alto gasto energético para a remediação de danos causados e consequente desvio de recursos que seriam destinados ao aumento da produtividade. As respostas da matocompetição sobre parâmetros morfológicos e de produtividade já são bem explorados na literatura. Entretanto, poucas informações são encontradas a respeito das influências da matocompetição em parâmetros bioquímicos e fisiológicos das plantas envolvidas, principalmente em alterações no metabolismo secundário. A revisão teve como objetivo, demonstrar as alterações conhecidas provocadas pela presença de plantas daninhas em competição, sobre parâmetros bioquímicos, fisiológicos e no metabolismo secundário das plantas de interesse agrícola. A matocompetição proporciona uma vasta rede de alterações metabólicas nas plantas envolvidas, especialmente para a planta cultivada. Muitas dessas alterações ainda são pouco estudadas e requerem um maior nível de detalhamento, necessitando maior número de pesquisa nessa área. Alterações bioquímicas e no metabolismo secundário também merecem um melhor detalhamento, com uma maior base de referências principalmente quanto as diferentes espécies de plantas daninhas e plantas cultivadas.
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